|
Indract or Indracht was a saint who, along with his companions, was venerated at Glastonbury Abbey, a monastery in the county of Somerset in south-western England. In the High Middle Ages Glastonbury tradition held that he had been an Irish pilgrim — a king's son – on his way back from Rome who was molested and killed by a local thegn after he had stopped off to visit the shrine of St Patrick. This tradition synchronised his life with that of King Ine (688–726), though historian Michael Lapidge has argued that he is most likely to represent a 9th-century abbot of Iona named Indrechtach ua Fínnachta. The cult seems to date from the late 10th or early 11th century, though this is uncertain. There is one main extant account, the anonymous 12th century ''Passio sancti Indracti''. An earlier text written in Old English is said to have existed and been used by the writer of the ''Passio''. There is also evidence that the 12th-century historian William of Malmesbury wrote his own saint's life, and although now lost it may also have used the Old English text. In the 14th century a St Alban's monk added significant new material of probable Cornish origin, mentioning a sister named Dominica and some miracles. == Early evidence == The body of Indract supposedly lay in a stone shrine, with St Patrick's, in the Old Church of St Mary at Glastonbury Abbey.〔Lapidge, "Cult of St Indract", p. 419〕 The historical identity of the Indract resting in this shrine is obscure, but it is unlikely that he can be identified with any known figure of the 7th or 8th centuries, the period of his life according to later Glastonbury sources.〔Lapidge, "Cult of St Indract", p. 427〕 There is however a strong similarity between the story of the Glastonbury Indract and that of a 9th-century abbot of Iona, Indrechtach ua Fínnachta, whom several contemporary Irish sources report as being "martyred among the English (''apud Saxones'')" in 854.〔Lapidge, "Cult of St Indract", pp. 427–32〕 These sources give his death date as 12 March, which differs from the Canterbury date of 8 May.〔Lapidge, "Cult of St Indract", p 431〕 A plausible explanation is that later monks at Glastonbury, possessing the body and only a bare story, invented the rest.〔Lapidge, "Cult of St Indract", p. 433〕 The cult, although never widespread outside Glastonbury, became known in Ireland: the ''Martyrology of Tallaght'' in the 12th century Book of Leinster has a marginal note about the Glastonbury Indract and also lists his feast day as 8 May.〔Lapidge, "Cult of St Indract", pp. 431–32〕 There is no evidence however that Indract's cult existed at Glastonbury before the 11th century.〔Lapidge, "Cult of St Indract", pp. 423–24〕 A calendar produced at Glastonbury around 970 (from the ''Leofric Missal'') omits his name, yet in a Leominster litany (BL Cotton Galba A xiv) dated by historian Michael Lapidge to the second quarter of the 11th century his name is listed as "confessor", and is placed next to St Patrick's, hinting at a Glastonbury base for the cult.〔Blair, "Handlist", p. 540; Lapidge, "Cult of St Indract", pp. 423–24〕 This litany is the earliest evidence of the cult for Indract, in England at least.〔Lapidge, "Cult of St Indract", p. 424〕 He is named as a "martyr" in a late 11th-century litany from Winchester.〔Blair, "Handlist", p. 540〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Indract of Glastonbury」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|